不定冠词包含a和an。不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前,如a girl,a hero,a book,a unit,a European,a university等。不定冠词an用在以元音音素开头的单词或字母前,如an old woman,an island,an hour,an honest man,an X-ray,an“8”,an“m”,an“I”,an“h”等。
(1)用于第一次提到某人或某物前。如:
(2)用于泛指某一类人或物。如:
A rocket is a machine that can fly to the universe.火箭是一种可以飞向宇宙的机器。
A Siberian tiger is an endangered animal.东北虎是一种濒临灭绝的动物。
(3)用于指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。如:
His grandfather is an English teacher.他的祖父是一名英语教师。
A taxi driver is waiting for you downstairs.有个出租车司机在楼下等你。
(4)用于某些物质名词前,表示“一种”“一场”等类似概念。如:
It's really a heavy snow.这真是一场大雪。
I' d like an orange juice.我想要一杯橘 汁。
(5)用于不可数的抽象名词前,表示某种具体概念或情况。如:(www.zuozong.com)
It's a pleasure to help you.很高兴能帮到你。
It's a pity that you can't come.很遗憾你无法来。
(6)用于某些固定词组中。如:
a lot of,a great/good deal of,a little,a few,a couple of,as a result of,quite a few,half an hour,have a rest,a bit(of),have a try,have a look,have a good time,have a word with(与……谈话),make a fortune(发财),catch a cold(感冒),take a walk(散步),make a living(谋生),all of a sudden(突然),in a word(总之),make a fire(生火),in a hurry(匆忙)。
(7)用于与时间或者表度量的名词连用,表示“每一”。如:
Take the vitamin supplement three times a day.维生素营养品每天吃三次。
The car is running 120 miles an hour.小轿车时速一百二十英里。
Gold is sold at about 400 yuan a gram.黄金每克约四百元。
(8)用于与序数词连用,表示“又一,再”。如:
Although she failed a second time,she decided to try again.
虽然她又一次失败了,但她还是决定再试一次。
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